Acropolis Parthenonas

In the rocky hill of the Acropolis, which dominates the center of modern Athens, was the most important and sacred megaloprepestero of the ancient city, dedicated, primarily, to the goddess protector, Athena.

Thousands of people, within an unprecedented fever, worked for many years to become unparalleled in richness and beauty of the Acropolis temples and statues masterfully. The boats unload valuable continuity in Piraeus timber of Thrace and Lebanon. From Egypt came several loads with ivory. Thrace and Libya supplied the gold needed for the statues. And nearby, offering the Penteli olokatharo of marble and precious.

The Iktinos made plans of the Acropolis and Kallikrates. great architect, was overseeing the project. The statues will take the sole Pheidias, the most celebrated sculptor of Athens, which is similar to and not ever presented anywhere in our time. Assistants of the Phidias was his brother Panaino who were worthy and painting, and the Koloti, who was an expert in working the gold and ivory.

In this holy place connected the main myths of ancient Athens, the great religious festival, the oldest cults of the city and some of the decisive events of history. The monuments of the Acropolis, harmoniously combined with the natural environment are unique masterpieces of ancient architecture that are innovative styles and trends correlations of classical art and influenced the intellectual and artistic creation for many centuries later. The Acropolis in the 5th century. BC gives the most perfect way to greatness, power and wealth of Athens in the age of magalyteris edge, the''gold''century of Pericles.

The hill was chosen from the Neolithic period (4000/3500-3000 BC) as the location of local residents. Residues establishment of the Early and Middle Bronze Age found in the Erechtheiou. During the 13th century. BC rock teichisthike and was the seat of the local ruler. Parts of this wall, usually referred to as''''Cyclopean, save later dispersed among the monuments and of course can be restored with reasonable accuracy. In the 8th century. BC The Acropolis became the first exclusively sacred character by introducing the worship of Athena Polias. The goddess had its own temple, on the northeast side of the hill. In mid-6th century. BC, when Athens was a tyrant of the Peisistratos, the temple has earned great prestige. Introduced the Panathenaia, the biggest festival of the Athenians in honor of the goddess and created the first monumental buildings and temples for the worship, including the so-called''Ancient temple''and Ekatompedos, forerunner of the Parthenon. Then constructed the temple of Artemis Vravrona and was the first attempt to formulate propyl monumental space. The temple dedicated to the faithful and many rich offerings, like the marble daughters and cavalry, the bronze and clay statuettes and vases, many of which were accompanied by inscriptions, attesting to the importance of the worship was of Athena in the archaic period . After the victory against the Persians at Marathon in 490 BC, the Athenians tried to build a much larger church in place of the Parthenon, known as Proparthenona. This temple was not completed ever, because in 480 BC, the Persians invaded Attica, plundered and set fire to the Acropolis monuments. After the departure of the enemy, the Athenians entafiasan the sculpture decoration of temples destroyed, and those offerings were rescued, filling the natural voids of the soil and forming thus artificially andira in the sanctuary. The Acropolis was fortified with new walls, originally from Themistocles (on the north side) and then by Kimon (southern side). Indeed, in the northern part of the wall incorporated architectural parts of destroyed temples, which appear to date from the ancient Agora and the north side of town.

In mid-5th century. BC, when transferred to the Acropolis, the seat of the Athenian Alliance and Athens was the most important spiritual center of the world, implemented on the initiative of Pericles, an ambitious building program that lasted throughout the second half of 5th century . BC For the execution of many people worked, Athenians and foreigners, free and slaves, to wage a penny. Then built, with the supervision of the best artists, architects and sculptors, the most important monuments that the visitor sees today: the Parthenon, the Propylaea, the Erechtheum and the Temple of Athena Nike. The temples in the north and center of the rock mainly housed the cults of ancient Athens and the cults of the Olympian gods, and Athena was worshiped anymore with all the properties associated with the city, as citizens, patroness of the town as Virgo, Pallas, Promachon, goddess of war, Ergani, goddess of manual labor, and Nikki. At the end of the Peloponnesian War, in 404 BC until the 1st century. BC, on the sacred rock of Acropolis no other major monuments were built. In 27 BC, east of the Parthenon, built a small temple dedicated to the Roman Emperor Augustus and Rome. It is interesting that, while in the Roman period in other Greek sanctuaries were serious looting and destruction, the Acropolis has retained the old glory and continued to collect th

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Acropolis Parthenonas

In the rocky hill of the Acropolis, which dominates the center of modern Athens, was the most important and sacred megaloprepestero of the ancient city, dedicated, primarily, to the goddess protector, Athena.